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How does the mixer have the best tuning effect? What should be paid attention?


Anyone who knows the audio industry knows that the mixer is the "heart" of the direct stable sound system. It amplifies, mixes, distributes, and processes the sound quality verbs and sound effects of multiple input signals. So how is the mixer the best tuning effect? What should be paid attention?

1. Sound quality compensation

The sound quality compensation of the mixer is to combine the sound source for processing, which is not only technical but also artistic, but also combined with the auditory psychology of the audience. The sound quality compensation is to use the sound quality compensator to adjust the center frequency of each frequency band to change the tone of the sound.

(1) Bass compensation

16Hz ~ 64Hz is the lowest bass. The organ can play the lowest bass of the existing musical instruments, which can play 16Hz. Such low frequency is generally inaudible to human ears, but can be felt by the body. From 20Hz to 64Hz, human ears can hear it, but high fidelity equipment must be used to play it. From 63Hz to 250Hz is the bass area, which is the most important part of our bass compensation. This frequency band is very important to music. It is the basis of music. Bass rhythm instruments belong to this frequency band. The sound quality adjustment of such instruments determines whether the music skeleton is complete. Therefore, the low-frequency characteristics should be flat, which can make the sound plump and natural. Of course, it can also be compensated according to the requirements and preferences of the instrument.

(2) Midrange compensation

From 250Hz to 2000Hz for the bass region, this frequency band in the transmission and recording process is the most vulnerable to loss, is the backbone of the sound. 2000Hz ~ 4000Hz is the middle and high sound area. This frequency band has an important contribution to the clarity and brightness of the sound, and it is also our most important control object. If the sound is cloudy and too dark, this frequency band can be increased. If the sound is too hard, it can be attenuated to make it soft. If the sound is stuffy, it can be increased to make it bright. However, if the sound is increased too much, the sound will be harsh. Language or singing usually needs to adjust this frequency band.

(3) Tone compensation

From 4000Hz to 8000Hz for the high-pitched area, the flat line characteristics can be maintained for the high-pitched area, and the naturalness of the sound is good when the flat line characteristics are maintained. It can also be attenuated or enhanced according to the content of the music and the characteristics of the sound source, but it must be noted that both attenuation and enhancement should be moderate and not excessive, otherwise the sound will be unnatural or even metallic. Above 8000Hz is the highest sound area, this frequency band has an important contribution to the tone, but also belongs to our control object, can be combined with the sound of the sound source for appropriate compensation.

2. Volume adjustment

The volume adjustment has two purposes: one is to control the dynamic range of the sound signal, and the other is to adjust the proportional relationship of each signal. Volume adjustment needs to be combined with sound quality compensation, because volume and frequency are inseparable. Therefore, before tuning, the dynamic level, frequency characteristics of the original sound signal and the proportional relationship between the various signals on the scene should be well known, requiring multiple auditions and repeated debugging, while taking into account the various conditions and effects of future playback.

3. Volume adjustment and sound quality compensation

(1) When the volume is small, pay attention to raising the low frequency and high frequency, and when the volume is large, raise the intermediate frequency appropriately to enhance the brightness of the sound.

(2) The tuning is dominated by singing. Before the song appears, the accompaniment is gradually lowered to highlight the song. The low frequency should be attenuated by 3 dB ~ 5dB, the high frequency above 7kHz should be attenuated by 3 dB, the intensity can be increased when it is increased near 200Hz in the middle and low frequencies, and the singing can be obviously felt bright when it is increased by 3 dB ~ 6dB from 2kHz to 4kHz. For disco or rock music, attention should be paid to greatly improving the low frequency (40Hz ~ 100Hz) and high frequency (7kHz ~ 20kHz)

(3) When raising the bass, do not turn the compensation button violently to avoid damage to the amplifier and speaker due to excessive power output. The same is required for the low frequency adjustment of the equalizer.

4. The key points of tuning operation

The key points and posture of the tuning operation are correct, understand the frequency range corresponding to various sounds, and the tuning speed and response should be fast, otherwise the tuning will be lost when a song is finished or is about to end. However, when turning each knob, it should be slow, light and thin, and it should not be rotated rapidly, so as not to damage the knob and make the space sound field suddenly change.

5. The mixer phantom power supply

Most of the mixer will have a 48-volt phantom power supply, which can be used to drive a variety of condenser microphones. However, because it is the current transmitted from the microphone line, the microphone line should be checked frequently to ensure smooth line. If the line is not in good contact, it will receive a large current impact sound.

6. mixer output level

Everyone usually knows that the standard level of recording is 0dB, but in practice it is usually much higher and reaches 10 dB in performance. Therefore, never look at the red light and be shocked. In fact, in reality, it is appropriate to use the signal level slightly exceeding the standard, and the sound effect at that time is also the best.

One thing to note is that when the peak level indicator reaches 4dB, the volume level of the front and its corresponding output port reaches 0.775 volts of 0dB.

7. Some other function keys of the mixer

In addition to the key adjustment knobs, there are many functional knobs, buttons or switches on the mixer, such as: positive and negative phase conversion button, high cut-off or low cut-off button, pusher front and back conversion button, mute button, monitor button, etc. On the basis of not knowing their basic functions, do not control them to prevent misoperation.

8. mixer headphones and field effects

Many sound engineers always like to tune with headphones on all the time. Perhaps headphones are very important, but the sound inside the headphones is really very different from the sound on the spot, so they still have to listen to it on the spot. Do not use headphones as a measure, to understand that when recording, headphones can be used as a standard, and in live performances, headphones are only a tool, so the standard is the ear, you can go to the scene to listen.

(Article from the network, infringement contact delete)

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