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What if the audio system is disturbed during the meeting?


The signal flow of the conference sound reinforcement system: the transmission and processing process of the audio signal is mainly as follows: the voice of the speech is picked up by the microphone, and the human voice is converted into an electrical signal and sent to the mixer and various audio processing equipment, which are amplified, mixed, distributed, modified by sound quality and processed by other music signals, and then sent to the power amplifier for amplification and restored to sound by the speaker.

The above analysis shows that the mixer is the convergence point of signal processing. How to adjust the knobs and function keys of the mixer is the key to debugging.

  There is a problem with audio interference:

1. Large noise

It affects the clarity, softness and brightness of the sound, and can mask the sound of the venue in severe cases.

There are two main factors for this situation:

①. Noise floor. Due to the excessive gain, the use of automatic gain control, impedance mismatch, etc., the background noise will appear.

②. The microphone "flutter. The microphone is the first link of the sound amplification system, and its signal quality directly affects the whole conference effect. Therefore, it should be reasonably selected and set according to its characteristics and performance, the characteristics of sound source reproduction and the relative relationship between the sound sources.

For speakers with strong sound breaking, a microphone with anti-"flutter" sound should be selected.

2. Large distortion

It is related to the nonlinear distortion and human factors of the equipment. It is characterized by hoarseness, damage, sharp and piercing, which will affect the clarity, softness, brightness, fullness and sense of the scene.

There are many reasons for the distortion, such as the sensitivity of the microphone is too high, the placement is not appropriate, the microphone power supply with phantom power supply is not normal, the level adjustment of the mixer is too large, the adjustment of the equalizer is not appropriate, and the equipment The impedance does not match, etc.

3. The level is not standard

Before debugging, the mixer, equalizer and other equipment are not adjusted, causing the signal level to be too high or too low. In addition, the unbalanced line output is directly connected to the balanced line input, causing the signal level to drop.

4. Uneven frequency response

It is related to the frequency response index of the equipment and human factors, such as the microphone's direction deviating from the sound source, the medium and low frequency attenuation too much, the microphone transmission line is too long, etc., which will affect the clarity, layering and fullness of the sound restoration.

5. Sound Proportional Imbalance

If the sound ratio between different microphones or microphones and music is out of balance, it will affect the balance of sound restoration, resulting in a decline in the overall effect of the conference.

6. Improper reverberation delay

Different conference types and pickup environments have different requirements for reverberation and delay, so the parameters of reverberation and delay should be adjusted according to acoustic characteristics.

The main determinants are:

①. The size of the venue affects the time of reflection in the reverberation of the sound field and the sense of time on the hearing.

②. The reverberation time reflects the process of sound diffusion from the sound source to the surrounding absorption and reflection. The reverberation time depends on the size of the venue. The larger the space, the greater the reverberation time. To compensate for and modify the defects of some sounds through audio processing equipment, but improper adjustment will be counterproductive. If the reverberation time is too long, the sound will have a sense of "turbidity", so it is necessary to combine the actual situation and add the reverberation effect reasonably to enhance the depth of the sound. The same is true for delay processing.

③. The frequency characteristics of reverberation reflect the reverberation effect and sound quality of sound at different frequencies. Be familiar with the frequency characteristics of reverberation, adjust the proportion of direct sound and reflected sound picked up by the microphone, and increase the realism and clarity of the sound.

④. Sound diffusion is a parameter that reflects the acoustic characteristics of the venue. Microphones should be set up reasonably to make up for the defects of the sound diffusion conditions of the venue, and at the same time to avoid the direction of chattering echo area and strong reflection.

  sound system common interference:

The interference of audio signal in the transmission process is multifaceted, common power interference, interference between devices, light interference, etc.

1. Power interference. Poor grounding of the power supply, poor ground contact and impedance mismatch between the equipment, the power supply of the equipment has not been "purified", and the audio line and AC wire are laid in the same pipe, in the same trench or on the same bridge, all of which will cause clutter interference to the audio signal and form a low-frequency AC "buzzing" sound.

Interference between devices. "Howling" is caused by positive feedback between the speaker and the microphone. The main reason is that the microphone is too close to the speaker or the microphone points to the speaker. "Empty sound" is generated by sound wave delay. If the microphone picks up both the sound source signal and the signal restored by amplification, or two microphones with different distances from the sound source pick up the signal of the same sound source, or one microphone picks up the signal of another microphone restored by amplification, the corresponding distance difference will be generated and the delay will be caused. When these signals are superimposed, some frequency components cancel each other out, forming a "empty sound".

3, light interference. If the lighting lamp started intermittently by ballast is used in the meeting place, high frequency radiation will be generated when the lamp tube is excited, and the microphone and its lead wire will be connected in series, resulting in a "click" sound. If the microphone line is too close to the lamp line, there will also be a "squeak" sound. In addition, the external high-frequency electromagnetic will also produce interference.

There is a problem with audio interference:

  Conference system audio interference processing method:

The sound reduction of conference sound reinforcement should be based on the theoretical knowledge of acoustics and different actual conditions, flexibly adjust the mixer and equalizer, process and beautify the sound, make up for the defects of the sound field, and create a more ideal acoustic environment. Appropriately adjust the compression limiter to avoid overload and distortion of sudden large peak signals. At the same time, it is necessary to prevent the compression limiter from being in a compressed state for a long time to make the sound smooth and round.

  For power interference, the following methods can be taken to solve:Increase the power filter, use the resonant circuit to filter out harmonics, "purify" the output power; The input and output lines of the signal are routed separately from the power line, and cannot be wired in parallel to avoid adjacent and cross interference and mutual induction; The twisted power line is used to make the total magnetic flux generated by the two wires cancel each other out. For the "howling" phenomenon, the following methods can be adopted to avoid the formation of inherent resonance points: reducing the sound reinforcement gain; Using equalizer or automatic feedback suppressor to reduce the amplitude of "howling" frequency point; Connecting frequency shifter or phase modulator to destroy the in-phase condition between feedback sound and sound source with offset frequency or phase; Adjust speaker layout, change microphone direction and distance between the two to avoid positive feedback. For the "empty sound" phenomenon, the following methods can be adopted to avoid sound wave delay: select a microphone with strong directivity; Turn off the ST switch in the mixer or pull down the redundant microphone push rod; Adjust the sound source and its sound ratio restored by amplification. For light interference, the following methods can be taken to solve: the microphone line away from the light line; microphone line through the tube shielding; the use of strong anti-interference ability of the microphone. To sum up, in order to make the conference sound better, it is necessary to improve the aesthetic appreciation and artistic accomplishment of the sound, and to conceive and create the restoration of the sound in order to improve the artistic expression of the sound.

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